Which of the following falls under Type II Authentication?

Type II Authentication refers to multifactor authentication or the combination of two or more different types of identification methods. It typically includes something you have (like a device), something you know (like a password), and something you are (like biometric data).

A smartcard is a physical device that users carry, which contains stored credentials or a cryptographic key used to authenticate themselves to a system. This characteristic of being a tangible object that contains secure information qualifies it as a Type II Authentication method.

The other options represent single factors of authentication: a username is simply an identifier and doesn’t provide security on its own, a password is knowledge-based authentication which is a single factor, and a fingerprint is a biometric method categorized under Type III Authentication because it refers to something the user is, not something they have. Therefore, a smartcard is the only option that aligns with the characteristics of Type II Authentication due to its combination of possession and potential for additional factors when used in conjunction with something the user knows or is.